Pinealon 10mg

What is Pinealon ?

Pinealon is the synthetic tripeptide Glu-Asp-Arg, also sold as EDR peptide. It is one of the short peptide bioregulators developed by the Khavinson group at the St Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. Each Pinealon 10mg vial holds white lyophilised powder.

In that programme each short peptide is linked to a tissue, and Pinealon is the one linked to brain tissue. The group proposes that peptides this small enter cells and bind histone proteins or nucleic acids, changing which genes are expressed. At 418.4 g/mol, EDR is small enough for that idea to be tested directly.

The literature is small, preclinical and comes mostly from one research group. Independent replication is limited.

Pinealon Research Applications

• Proposed mechanism : a 2021 review links EDR to MAPK/ERK signalling, caspase-3, p53 and the antioxidant enzymes SOD2 and GPX1 (Khavinson et al., Molecules, 2021).
• Neuronal ageing model : in cortical neurons made from elderly donors' skin fibroblasts, EDR reduced oxidative DNA damage and increased dendritic branching (Kraskovskaya et al., Int J Mol Sci, 2024).
• What it did not change : in the same model, the tripeptides had no effect on mitochondrial or lysosomal activity or on p16 levels.

Typical uses are neuronal culture models of oxidative stress and ageing, and gene-expression or protein-synthesis assays that test the bioregulator hypothesis. Because most data come from one school, independent replication is one of the most useful things a laboratory can do with it.

Pinealon vs Semax

Both are Russian-origin research neuropeptides, but their evidence bases differ in kind. Semax is a heptapeptide analogue of ACTH(4-10), built as ACTH(4-7) plus Pro-Gly-Pro. Its preclinical literature on neurotrophin signalling, including BDNF and trkB in rat brain, comes from more than one laboratory. Pinealon is a three-residue bioregulator with a smaller, mostly single-group literature built around a proposed gene-expression mechanism. For Semax the open question is translation from animal findings. For Pinealon the mechanism itself still awaits independent replication.

Research Overview

Pinealon, also catalogued as the EDR peptide or simply by its sequence Glu-Asp-Arg, is a synthetic tripeptide of glutamyl-aspartyl-arginine with molecular formula C₁₅H₂₆N₆O₈, molecular weight 418.4 g/mol and CAS number 175175-23-2. It belongs to the family of short 'peptide bioregulators' developed by the Khavinson school at the St Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, a research programme that has produced a series of di-, tri- and tetrapeptides proposed to regulate gene expression in the tissue class from which the original extracts were derived. Pinealon is the tripeptide associated with brain tissue in that programme. The published mechanistic proposal is epigenetic: a 2021 paper from Khavinson and colleagues (PubMed 33396470) sets out a possible mechanism by which the EDR tripeptide could regulate gene expression and protein synthesis in neuronal models, framed by the authors as a route to neuroprotection, with the proposed peptide-DNA and chromatin-level interactions presented as hypothesis rather than settled mechanism. More recently, a 2024 in-vitro study (PubMed 39518916) reported that EDR reduced markers of oxidative DNA damage in induced neurons derived from fibroblasts of elderly donors, a cell-culture model of neuronal ageing. The honest position on this literature needs stating plainly, because it is narrow even by research-peptide standards: it is small, it originates largely from a single research group, it consists mostly of in-vitro work and small animal studies, and there is no independent replication at scale and no human randomised controlled trial of Pinealon in the indexed literature. Claims made about the EDR peptide elsewhere on the internet run well ahead of anything published. What the compound genuinely offers a laboratory is a chemically simple, well-defined tripeptide probe, 418.4 g/mol and readily soluble in aqueous media, for testing the Khavinson bioregulator hypothesis on its own merits in neuronal culture and ageing models. Pinealon is not a licensed medicine in the United Kingdom or anywhere else.

Storage and Reconstitution

Keep sealed vials at -20°C, away from light and moisture. After reconstitution, keep the solution at 2-8°C and use it within 4 weeks. For longer storage, freeze single-use aliquots at -20°C and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Vials are sold on their own, without bacteriostatic water for mixing or other supplies.

How to reconstitute and handle

Bring the vial to room temperature and swab both stoppers with alcohol. Add bacteriostatic water slowly down the inside wall of the vial and swirl gently. Pinealon is highly water-soluble and dissolves almost at once, giving a clear, colourless solution. A three-residue peptide has no folded structure to damage, so the risk is hydrolysis in standing solution. Make up only what the experiment needs, refrigerate promptly and label the vial with the date.

• A tripeptide of this size dissolves rapidly and holds no secondary structure, so the practical concern is not shear but hydrolysis in standing aqueous solution.
• Prepare only the volume an experiment requires, aliquot reconstituted stock into single-use vessels, and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Label each aliquot with the reconstitution date.

For the full method, see the peptide reconstitution guide and the reconstitution calculator.

Research References

• EDR Peptide: Possible Mechanism of Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Regulation Involved in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease (Khavinson et al., Molecules, 2021)
• Short Peptides Protect Fibroblast-Derived Induced Neurons from Age-Related Changes (Kraskovskaya et al., Int J Mol Sci, 2024)

Published research on Pinealon is indexed on PubMed. See our full UK buyer's guide for Pinealon.